Z.ai: GLM 4.5 ranks higher at 24/100 vs DeepSeek: DeepSeek V3.2 Speciale at 22/100. Capability-level comparison backed by match graph evidence from real search data.
| Feature | DeepSeek: DeepSeek V3.2 Speciale | Z.ai: GLM 4.5 |
|---|---|---|
| Type | Model | Model |
| UnfragileRank | 22/100 | 24/100 |
| Adoption |
| 0 |
| 0 |
| Quality | 0 | 0 |
| Ecosystem | 0 | 0 |
| Match Graph | 0 | 0 |
| Pricing | Paid | Paid |
| Starting Price | $4.00e-7 per prompt token | $6.00e-7 per prompt token |
| Capabilities | 7 decomposed | 11 decomposed |
| Times Matched | 0 | 0 |
Implements DeepSeek Sparse Attention (DSA) architecture to process extended context windows efficiently by selectively attending to relevant token positions rather than computing full quadratic attention. This reduces computational complexity from O(n²) to near-linear while maintaining reasoning coherence across thousands of tokens, enabling multi-document analysis and complex problem decomposition without proportional latency increases.
Unique: Uses DeepSeek Sparse Attention (DSA) to achieve near-linear complexity for long-context processing instead of standard quadratic attention, with post-training RL optimization specifically tuned for agentic multi-step reasoning patterns
vs alternatives: Processes long contexts with lower latency than Claude 3.5 Sonnet or GPT-4 Turbo while maintaining reasoning quality through specialized sparse attention patterns rather than naive context truncation
Applies post-training reinforcement learning to optimize reasoning trajectories and decision-making quality, training the model to generate more effective intermediate reasoning steps and better decompose complex problems. The RL phase specifically targets agentic behavior patterns, improving the model's ability to plan multi-step solutions, backtrack when needed, and select optimal reasoning paths without explicit instruction.
Unique: Post-training RL phase specifically optimized for agentic reasoning patterns rather than general instruction-following, enabling autonomous multi-step problem decomposition and backtracking without explicit prompting
vs alternatives: Outperforms base language models on multi-step reasoning through RL-optimized trajectory selection, but requires less detailed prompting than models relying on few-shot chain-of-thought examples
The V3.2-Speciale variant allocates additional compute resources during inference to prioritize reasoning quality and agentic performance, dynamically adjusting token generation patterns and attention allocation based on task complexity. This high-compute configuration trades inference latency for output quality, making it suitable for complex reasoning tasks where accuracy outweighs speed requirements.
Unique: Speciale variant explicitly optimizes for maximum reasoning and agentic performance through adaptive compute allocation during inference, rather than fixed-size model weights like standard variants
vs alternatives: Delivers higher reasoning quality than standard DeepSeek-V3.2 through additional inference-time compute, similar to o1-preview's approach but with sparse attention efficiency gains
Supports extended multi-turn conversations where the model maintains reasoning context and decision history across turns, enabling agentic systems to build on previous reasoning steps and refine solutions iteratively. The sparse attention mechanism allows efficient state preservation across long conversation histories without exponential context growth, enabling agents to reference earlier decisions and reasoning without explicit context reinjection.
Unique: Combines sparse attention efficiency with multi-turn conversation support, enabling long conversation histories without proportional latency increases, unlike dense-attention models that degrade with history length
vs alternatives: Maintains conversation quality over longer histories than standard models due to sparse attention efficiency, while preserving agentic reasoning capabilities across turns
Generates code solutions and technical explanations leveraging RL-optimized reasoning patterns and high-compute inference, producing multi-step code solutions with reasoning traces. The model applies chain-of-thought reasoning to code generation tasks, breaking down problems into smaller steps and generating intermediate solutions before final code output, improving code quality and correctness.
Unique: Applies RL-optimized reasoning to code generation, enabling multi-step problem decomposition and intermediate solution generation before final code output, improving code quality vs single-pass generation
vs alternatives: Produces higher-quality code solutions than standard models through reasoning-optimized generation, while maintaining efficiency through sparse attention for large codebase context
Provides remote inference access via OpenRouter API, enabling integration into applications without local model deployment. The API abstracts model complexity and handles load balancing, rate limiting, and billing through OpenRouter's infrastructure, supporting standard HTTP requests with JSON payloads for text input and streaming or batch output modes.
Unique: Accessed exclusively through OpenRouter API rather than direct model deployment, leveraging OpenRouter's multi-provider abstraction layer for unified billing and model switching
vs alternatives: Simpler integration than direct API access to DeepSeek endpoints, with provider flexibility and unified billing across multiple model providers through OpenRouter
Supports structured output formats and function calling patterns enabling agentic systems to invoke tools and APIs through model-generated function calls. The model generates structured JSON or function signatures that downstream systems can parse and execute, enabling autonomous agent loops where the model decides which tools to invoke based on task requirements and previous results.
Unique: unknown — insufficient data on specific function calling implementation, schema support, and tool integration patterns
vs alternatives: unknown — insufficient data on how function calling compares to alternatives like OpenAI's function calling or Anthropic's tool use
GLM-4.5 uses a Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architecture to dynamically route tokens through specialized expert networks based on input characteristics, enabling efficient processing of 128k-token contexts without proportional latency increases. The MoE design allows selective expert activation per token, reducing computational overhead while maintaining reasoning depth across extended conversations and multi-document analysis tasks typical of agent-based workflows.
Unique: Mixture-of-Experts routing specifically tuned for agent workloads rather than generic dense models; expert activation patterns are optimized for tool-use sequences and multi-step reasoning rather than general language tasks
vs alternatives: Outperforms dense models like GPT-4 Turbo on agent tasks within 128k context by routing computational budget to relevant experts, reducing latency and cost vs. models that process all tokens through identical layers
GLM-4.5 implements native function calling through a schema-based registry where tools are defined as JSON schemas with parameter constraints, type validation, and description metadata. The model learns to emit structured tool invocations that map directly to function signatures, enabling deterministic tool orchestration without post-processing or regex parsing. Integration with OpenRouter's API exposes this via standard function-calling parameters compatible with OpenAI's format.
Unique: Schema-based function calling is trained directly into the model weights rather than implemented as post-hoc decoding constraints, allowing the model to learn semantic relationships between tool purposes and input context during training
vs alternatives: More reliable than constraint-based function calling (e.g., Guidance, LMQL) because tool selection is learned rather than enforced, reducing parsing failures and enabling the model to reason about tool applicability
Z.ai: GLM 4.5 scores higher at 24/100 vs DeepSeek: DeepSeek V3.2 Speciale at 22/100.
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GLM-4.5 can be used for batch inference through OpenRouter's API, enabling cost-optimized processing of large numbers of requests. Batch processing typically offers reduced pricing compared to real-time API calls and is suitable for non-urgent inference tasks. The model can process batches of prompts efficiently, with results returned after processing completes. This is valuable for agents running scheduled tasks or processing large datasets.
Unique: Batch processing is offered through OpenRouter's unified API rather than a separate batch service, enabling seamless switching between real-time and batch modes with the same client code
vs alternatives: More cost-effective than real-time API for high-volume inference; simpler than managing separate batch infrastructure because OpenRouter handles queuing and result delivery
GLM-4.5 maintains coherent conversation state across turns by encoding prior messages into a compressed representation that persists within the 128k context window. The model uses attention mechanisms to selectively retrieve relevant prior context, enabling agents to reference earlier decisions, tool results, and user preferences without explicit memory management. This is particularly effective for agent workflows where state accumulation (e.g., task progress, discovered facts) must inform subsequent actions.
Unique: Implicit memory management through attention-based context selection rather than explicit memory modules; the model learns which prior turns are relevant without separate retrieval or summarization steps
vs alternatives: More efficient than explicit memory systems (e.g., LangChain's ConversationBufferMemory) because attention is computed once during inference rather than requiring separate retrieval and summarization passes
GLM-4.5 generates code across 40+ programming languages by leveraging training data that includes diverse codebases and syntax patterns. The model understands language-specific idioms, library conventions, and structural patterns (e.g., async/await in JavaScript, type hints in Python, generics in Java) without explicit language-specific modules. Generation is context-aware, respecting indentation, existing code style, and project conventions when completing or extending code snippets.
Unique: Language-agnostic code generation trained on diverse codebases rather than language-specific fine-tuning; the model generalizes syntax patterns across languages, enabling reasonable code generation even for less common languages
vs alternatives: Broader language coverage than specialized models like Codex (which emphasizes Python/JavaScript) but lower quality on niche languages compared to language-specific models; better for polyglot teams than single-language specialists
GLM-4.5 is trained on extensive technical documentation, API references, and code examples, enabling it to understand and reason about complex technical concepts, library APIs, and system architectures. The model can parse API schemas (OpenAPI, GraphQL, Protocol Buffers), understand parameter constraints and type systems, and generate code that correctly uses APIs based on documentation. This is particularly valuable for agent workflows that must interact with external systems.
Unique: Semantic understanding of API schemas and documentation is learned from training data rather than implemented as a separate schema parser; the model reasons about API semantics holistically
vs alternatives: More flexible than code-generation-only models because it understands API semantics and can reason about correctness; better than generic LLMs for technical tasks because training includes extensive API documentation
GLM-4.5 can generate responses that explicitly show reasoning steps, enabling transparency into how conclusions were reached. When prompted with chain-of-thought patterns, the model generates intermediate reasoning steps before final answers, making it suitable for applications requiring explainability or verification. This is implemented through training on reasoning-annotated data and prompt patterns that encourage step-by-step decomposition.
Unique: Chain-of-thought reasoning is trained directly into the model rather than implemented as a decoding strategy; the model learns to generate reasoning steps as part of its core training objective
vs alternatives: More natural and coherent reasoning steps than prompt-injection approaches (e.g., appending 'think step by step') because reasoning is learned as a first-class capability
GLM-4.5 supports multiple languages (Chinese, English, and others) with training that enables cross-lingual reasoning — understanding concepts expressed in one language and reasoning about them in another. The model can translate, summarize, and reason across languages without language-specific degradation. This is particularly valuable for global applications and agents that must operate in multilingual environments.
Unique: Cross-lingual reasoning is learned from multilingual training data rather than implemented as separate language-specific models; the model develops a shared representation across languages
vs alternatives: More efficient than maintaining separate models per language because a single model handles all languages; better for cross-lingual reasoning than language-specific models because the shared representation enables concept transfer
+3 more capabilities